Government questioned on action to curb breeding of flat‑faced animals

The Government has been pressed in Parliament on what steps it is taking to “reduce the breeding of brachycephalic animals”, amid ongoing concern about the welfare impacts associated with flat‑faced breeds.

Brachycephalic animals are those with a shortened skull shape, resulting in a flat face and compressed muzzle. This conformation is seen in popular breeds such as pugs, French bulldogs, English bulldogs and Persian cats. The shortened head structure can severely restrict normal breathing and is linked to a range of health problems, including Brachycephalic Obstructive Airway Syndrome (BOAS), overheating, eye disorders and dental disease.

In response to parliamentary questions, ministers reiterated that licensed dog breeders are already prohibited from breeding dogs where their genotype, phenotype or health suggests this would lead to welfare problems for the mother or puppies. This requirement sits within the Animal Welfare (Licensing of Activities Involving Animals) Regulations.

The Government also highlighted commitments within its Animal Welfare Strategy, including a forthcoming consultation on dog‑breeding reform aimed at improving health and welfare standards across licensed breeders. The strategy further includes work to improve understanding of cat‑breeding practices and consider additional steps to strengthen welfare protections.

Ministers confirmed that Defra continues to engage with veterinary experts, welfare organisations and campaign groups, including the UK Brachycephalic Working Group, which promotes measures to reduce demand for extreme‑conformation breeds and encourages responsible breeding practices.

The Government has not yet proposed new restrictions specifically targeting the breeding of brachycephalic animals, but maintains that existing licensing rules and forthcoming reforms will help address the welfare issues associated with these breeds.