New primate licensing regime now in force from 6 April

England’s new primate licensing regime is now officially in force, marking a significant shift in the regulation of privately kept non‑human primates. From 6 April, anyone keeping a primate as a pet must hold a valid licence issued by their local authority, unless specific exemptions apply.

The new requirements apply to all non‑human primates, including marmosets, tamarins, capuchins, macaques and other species commonly kept in domestic settings. The licensing framework introduces mandatory welfare standards covering housing, enrichment, veterinary care, record‑keeping and inspection.

What the New Law Requires

Under the regime, private keepers must apply for a licence that specifies each primate held, including its sex, age or approximate age, and microchip number. Local authorities may charge fees to cover application and inspection costs, and a qualified inspector—typically a vet or primate specialist—must visit the premises before a licence can be granted.

Licences can be varied or renewed, and decisions can be appealed through written representations or, if necessary, to a first‑tier tribunal. Transfers of primates are also regulated: a keeper must not sell or rehome a primate unless the receiving individual already holds a valid licence.

Failure to hold a licence now constitutes a criminal offence.

Institute of Licensing Campaign Continues

The Institute of Licensing (IoL), working in partnership with Monkey World and the Jim Cronin Memorial Fund, has been running a national awareness campaign to support the rollout of the new law. The campaign provides local authorities and practitioners with:

• A press release and key messaging
• FAQs summarising the licensing requirements
• A downloadable media kit with visual assets
• Training opportunities, including half‑day and two‑day courses on primate licensing and enforcement

The IoL is encouraging councils, enforcement teams and partner organisations to use these materials to run their own local awareness campaigns, ensuring that keepers understand their legal obligations and that primates receive the welfare protections intended by the legislation.

Raising Local Awareness

With the regime now active, the IoL stresses the importance of consistent communication across England. Local authorities are urged to:

• Publicise the new requirements through their websites, social media channels and community networks
• Engage with known or suspected primate keepers
• Share the IoL’s campaign materials to reinforce national messaging
• Direct keepers to official guidance and application processes

The IoL’s dedicated campaign hub, available at the Institute of Licensing website, remains a central resource for practitioners seeking materials, training dates and further clarification.